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23 May, 2018

Peritoneal carcinomatosis: What is it and what is its treatment?

Carcinomatosis Peritoneal - Carcinomatosi Peritoneal - Peritoneal carcinomatosis

The term Peritoneal carcinomatosis or Peritoneal carcinosis (PC) is given to every local or massive tumor dissemination affecting the peritoneal serosa and neighboring organs. It usually has two origins: the peritoneum itself (Pseudomyxoma, Mesothelioma) and digestive tract or gynecological tumors.

TREATMENT FOR PERITONEAL CARCINOMATOSIS

Techniques such as the Peritonectomy and Hyperthermic Peritoneal Perfusion have brought about a revolution in the treatment of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, previously considered terminal, as 5-year survival rates of over 70% have been achieved in some of these conditions with an excellent quality of life.

Patients with Peritoneal carcinomatosis, who were previously considered to be terminal with a life expectancy of less than 3 months, may now undergo cytoreductive surgery (Peritonectomy) and then Hyperthermic Peritoneal Perfusion with chemotherapy drugs.

Cytoreductive surgery or Peritonectomy is based on the complete removal of all the parietal peritoneum and tumor nodules from the visceral peritoneum, often with the resection of the affected organs (colon, stomach, spleen and rectum).

Hyperthermic Peritoneal Perfusion involves placing 4 cannulae in the abdominal cavity after the Peritonectomy. Close the abdominal cavity and connect the cannulae to a pump (Performer®) using an extracorporeal circulation circuit.

This is to achieve hyperthermia in the abdominal cavity (40-41ºC) and then administer chemotherapy drugs for 60-90 minutes (according to the type of tumor).

This technique is called Hyperthermia with Closed Abdomen. Our group believes that it is a safer technique in terms of drug distribution and action and less contaminating for health care workers than Hyperthermia with Open Abdomen, which is less safe in terms of drug distribution and more contaminating.


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