{"id":252,"date":"2019-07-12T08:53:49","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T08:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.barnaclinic.com\/blog\/oftalmologia\/ca\/?p=252"},"modified":"2019-07-12T08:53:49","modified_gmt":"2019-07-12T08:53:49","slug":"tractament-medic-del-glaucoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.barnaclinic.com\/blog\/oftalmologia\/ca\/tractament-medic-del-glaucoma\/","title":{"rendered":"Tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma: F\u00e0rmacs per baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular"},"content":{"rendered":"

El\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0consisteix, b\u00e0sicament, en col\u00b7liris o gotes oculars.<\/span>\u00a0Aquests\u00a0medicaments per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e9nen instil\u00b7lats a l’ull, pel pacient, una, dues o tres vegades al dia.\u00a0<\/span>Aquests col\u00b7liris fan\u00a0baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular<\/strong>\u00a0de manera efectiva.<\/span>\u00a0El rang d’efectivitat varia: des d’un 30-34% de descens tensional, els m\u00e9s efica\u00e7os;<\/span>\u00a0fins a un 15-20%, els menys potents.<\/span>\u00a0No obstant aix\u00f2, aquests\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0no estan exempts d’efectes secundaris, tant oculars com sist\u00e8mics.<\/span>\u00a0Per aquest motiu, \u00e9s imperatiu informar el pacient de les possibles alteracions associades i preguntar pels antecedents patol\u00f2gics que puguin contraindicar el seu \u00fas.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Et pot interessar…<\/h4>\n

–\u00a0Tota la informaci\u00f3 sobre EL GLAUCOMA<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

En qu\u00e8 consisteix el tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma?<\/span>\u00a0Com baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular amb f\u00e0rmacs?<\/span><\/h4>\n

En general, el\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic del\u00a0glaucoma<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>s’inicia amb la prescripci\u00f3 d’un col\u00b7liri.<\/span>\u00a0Si aquest no \u00e9s suficient, es poden anar afegint altres gotes fins aconseguir\u00a0baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular<\/strong>.<\/span>\u00a0Si\u00a0aix\u00f2\u00a0no s’aconsegueix, cal plantejar l’\u00fas d’altres t\u00e8cniques de\u00a0tractament del glaucoma<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0com el\u00a0l\u00e0ser (SLT)<\/strong>\u00a0o la\u00a0cirurgia del glaucoma.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Els\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0o\u00a0hipotensors oculars<\/strong>\u00a0consten d’un principi actiu (medicament que exerceix l’efecte de\u00a0descens de la pressi\u00f3 intraocular<\/strong>)\u00a0acompanyat d’una subst\u00e0ncia conservant que sol ser el\u00a0clorur de benzalconi<\/em><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0Aquest \u00faltim pot ocasionar efectes secundaris locals com la irritaci\u00f3 ocular.<\/span>\u00a0En l’actualitat s’est\u00e0 promovent l’\u00fas de gotes sense conservants, per tal d’evitar la seva acci\u00f3 nociva i preservar la qualitat de la superf\u00edcie ocular.<\/span><\/p>\n

TIPUS DE MEDICAMENTS PER AL GLAUCOMA:<\/span><\/h2>\n
F\u00e0rmacs An\u00e0legs de les prostaglandines<\/span><\/h5>\n

Els\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs an\u00e0legs a les prostaglandines<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00f3n uns\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0que actuen\u00a0afavorint la sortida d’humor aqu\u00f3s de l’ull, fent baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Tenen pocs efectes adversos.<\/span>\u00a0No obstant aix\u00f2, s\u00f3n m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents els\u00a0efectes secundaris oculars.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Com per exemple: l’enfosquiment del color de l’iris, el creixement de les pestanyes o la hiperpigmentaci\u00f3 de la pell periocular, entre d’altres.<\/span>\u00a0En general, s\u00f3n els\u00a0medicaments per al glaucoma de primera elecci\u00f3<\/strong>\u00a0en els pacients diagnosticats de\u00a0glaucoma primari.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u00c9s aix\u00ed perqu\u00e8: s\u00f3n molt efectius a l’hora de\u00a0baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular,<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00f3n c\u00f2modes (nom\u00e9s s’han de instil\u00b7lar una gota a la nit) i els efectes adversos s\u00f3n relativament lleus.<\/span>\u00a0La seva efectivitat, toler\u00e0ncia i efectes adversos poden variar en funci\u00f3 del pacient.<\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00e0rmacs Betabloquejants<\/span><\/h5>\n

Els\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs betabloquejants<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00f3n, generalment, la\u00a0segona opci\u00f3 m\u00e9s utilitzada per al tractament del glaucoma amb medicaments.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Tot just tenen efectes adversos a nivell ocular, per\u00f2, poden\u00a0produir efectes sist\u00e8mics.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Com per exemple: alteracions del ritme card\u00edac (bradic\u00e0rdia) o descompensaci\u00f3 de malalties pulmonars com l’asma.<\/span>\u00a0Els efectes adversos d’aquests\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0es poden minimitzar comprimint els punts lacrimals durant cinc minuts despr\u00e9s de la instil\u00b7laci\u00f3 de les gotes.<\/span>\u00a0La pressi\u00f3 disminuir\u00e0 i limitar\u00e0 el pas de la ll\u00e0grima a la circulaci\u00f3 sist\u00e8mica.<\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00e0rmacs Alfa-agonistes<\/span><\/h5>\n

Els\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs Alfa-agonistes<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00f3n un tipus de\u00a0medicaments per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0que\u00a0disminueixen la producci\u00f3 d’humor aqu\u00f3s i faciliten la seva sortida.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0En alguns pacients poden produir efectes adversos.\u00a0<\/span>Com per exemple: sequedat oral, enrogiment ocular amb sensaci\u00f3 de cos estrany, hipotensi\u00f3 arterial, fatiga o somnol\u00e8ncia i al\u00b7l\u00e8rgia ocular.<\/span>\u00a0S\u00f3n un tipus de\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0molt efectiu a l’hora de controlar la\u00a0pressi\u00f3 intraocular.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0No obstant aix\u00f2, no es recomana a llarg termini, ja que\u00a0pot acabar produint al\u00b7l\u00e8rgia ocular.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00e0rmacs Inhibidors de l’anhidrasa carb\u00f2nica<\/span><\/h5>\n

Els\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs inhibidors de l’anhidrasa carb\u00f2nica<\/strong>\u00a0actuen\u00a0disminuint la producci\u00f3 de l’humor aqu\u00f3s.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>Aquests\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma,<\/strong>\u00a0encara que no s\u00f3n molt potents com tractament ocular, produeixen\u00a0pocs efectes adversos.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Entre els possibles efectes adversos, sobretot trobem: el sabor amarg i la sensaci\u00f3 de cos estrany.<\/span>\u00a0Tant els\u00a0inhibidors de l’anhidrasa carb\u00f2nica<\/strong>\u00a0com els\u00a0alfa agonistes,<\/strong>\u00a0s’utilitzen com a\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma de segona l\u00ednia.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I si un sol dels col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma no funciona?<\/span><\/h4>\n

Si un sol dels\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0no \u00e9s suficient per\u00a0baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular,<\/strong>\u00a0pot associar-se unes segones gotes.<\/span>\u00a0Aquestes funcionaran com a\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic<\/strong>\u00a0simultani o en\u00a0combinaci\u00f3 fixa de medicaments.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Aquestes combinacions agrupen alguns dels\u00a0f\u00e0rmacs per al glaucoma<\/strong>\u00a0abans descrits.<\/span>\u00a0\u00c9s a dir: prostaglandina + beta bloquejant, beta bloquejant + inhibidor de l’anhidrasa carb\u00f2nica, beta bloquejant + alfa agonista i alfa agonista + inhibidor de l’anhidrasa carb\u00f2nica.<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

VOL\u00a0CONTACTAR\u00a0AMB LA DRA. ELENA MILLA?<\/span><\/h1>\n

DEMANAR CITA<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El\u00a0tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma\u00a0consisteix, b\u00e0sicament, en col\u00b7liris o gotes oculars.\u00a0Aquests\u00a0medicaments per al glaucoma\u00a0v\u00e9nen instil\u00b7lats a l’ull, pel pacient, una, dues o tres vegades al dia.\u00a0Aquests col\u00b7liris fan\u00a0baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular\u00a0de manera efectiva.\u00a0El rang d’efectivitat varia: des d’un 30-34% de descens tensional, els m\u00e9s efica\u00e7os;\u00a0fins a un 15-20%, els menys potents.\u00a0No obstant aix\u00f2, aquests\u00a0col\u00b7liris per al […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[77,95,96],"yoast_head":"\nTractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma: F\u00e0rmacs per baixar la pressi\u00f3 intraocular<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El tractament m\u00e8dic del glaucoma consisteix en l'\u00fas de col\u00b7liris per al glaucoma. 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