{"id":114,"date":"2018-09-19T13:12:12","date_gmt":"2018-09-19T13:12:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.barnaclinic.com\/blog\/oftalmologia\/ca\/?p=114"},"modified":"2019-02-22T10:30:22","modified_gmt":"2019-02-22T10:30:22","slug":"tipus-glaucoma-caracteristiques-simptomes-i-causes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.barnaclinic.com\/blog\/oftalmologia\/ca\/tipus-glaucoma-caracteristiques-simptomes-i-causes\/","title":{"rendered":"Tipus de glaucoma: caracter\u00edstiques, s\u00edmptomes i causes de cada un"},"content":{"rendered":"

POST DEL DRA. ELENA MILLA<\/a><\/p>\n

Fa un temps, vam explicar\u00a0qu\u00e8 \u00e9s el\u00a0glaucoma,<\/strong>\u00a0com es produeix i quines s\u00f3n les fases<\/a>\u00a0d’aquesta malaltia ocular.<\/span>\u00a0Com vam dir llavors, en el\u00a0glaucoma,<\/strong>\u00a0l’augment de la pressi\u00f3 intraocular<\/strong>\u00a0danya progressivament el\u00a0nervi \u00f2ptic<\/strong>,\u00a0provocant una p\u00e8rdua de visi\u00f3 irreversible.<\/span>\u00a0En el post d’avui explicarem els diferents\u00a0tipus de glaucoma,<\/strong>\u00a0les seves caracter\u00edstiques, s\u00edmptomes i la causa cada un d’ells.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

TIPUS DE GLAUCOMA<\/span><\/h2>\n
Glaucoma primari d’angle obert<\/span><\/h5>\n

\u00c9s dels\u00a0tipus de glaucoma mes freq\u00fcents<\/strong>\u00a0en el nostre medi.<\/span>\u00a0Apareix en la poblaci\u00f3 adulta i \u00e9s el que cursa amb les\u00a0caracter\u00edstiques descrites en el primer post<\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0A partir dels 40 anys, l’obliteraci\u00f3 progressiva dels porus de la malla de drenatge del l\u00edquid intraocular conduir\u00e0 a l’augment de la pressi\u00f3 intraocular (PIO) que, si es mant\u00e9 per sobre del l\u00edmit tolerat pel nervi \u00f2ptic, causar\u00e0 un dany progressiu d’aquesta estructura i, per tant, un\u00a0glaucoma<\/strong><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0S’anomena de “angle obert” perqu\u00e8 l’angle de la c\u00e0mera o part anterior de l’ull presenta una obertura adequada per\u00f2 el seu interior es troba “paredat” o fibrosado i no permet el bon pas d’humor aqu\u00f3s a trav\u00e9s seu, produint la seva acumulaci\u00f3 intraocular i augment de la PIO.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

“El Glaucoma primari d’angle obert \u00e9s el\u00a0tipus de glaucoma mes freq\u00fcent.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Apareix en la poblaci\u00f3 adulta i \u00e9s el que cursa amb les\u00a0caracter\u00edstiques descrites en el primer post<\/a>“<\/span><\/h4>\n

Dra.\u00a0Elena Mill\u00e1<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Glaucoma d’angle tancat<\/h5>\n

El\u00a0glaucoma d’angle tancat<\/strong>\u00a0es produeix quan l’angle de la part anterior de l’ull es troba anormalment estret, impedint el pas de l’humor aqu\u00f3s cap al\u00a0canal de Schlemm<\/em><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0Aquest fet s\u00f2l oc\u00f3rrer en ulls de mida petita, com els afectes d’hipermetropia, o b\u00e9 quan es produeix un creixement del cristal\u00b7l\u00ed davant el desenvolupament d’una\u00a0cataracta<\/strong><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0La\u00a0cataracta<\/strong>\u00a0produeix empeny l’iris cap endavant, que es plega com una cortina cap a l’angle.<\/span>\u00a0L’angle es tanca del tot de manera abrupta, produint la perillosa i temuda\u00a0crisi de glaucoma agut.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0En aquesta crisi, l’humor aqu\u00f3s s’acumula de manera brusca a l’interior de l’ull, produint un augment molt elevat i de manera r\u00e0pida de la PIO.<\/span>\u00a0El glaucoma agut d’angle tancat<\/strong> es caracteritza per un dolor molt fort i una p\u00e8rdua visual aguda, a difer\u00e8ncia del glaucoma d’angle obert<\/strong> que fa mal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

“El glaucoma agut d’angle tancat es caracteritza per un dolor molt fort i una p\u00e8rdua visual aguda, a difer\u00e8ncia del glaucoma d’angle obert que no fa mal”<\/span><\/h4>\n

Dra.\u00a0Elena Mill\u00e1<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Glaucoma normotensiu<\/h5>\n

Certs pacients presenten un\u00a0dany del nervi \u00f2ptic<\/strong>\u00a0molt similar al que trobem en el\u00a0glaucoma<\/strong><\/a>, per\u00f2 amb una pressi\u00f3 intraocular dins de l\u00edmits considerats normals.<\/span>\u00a0Els pacients afectats de glaucoma normotensiu presenten un nervi \u00f2ptic m\u00e9s fr\u00e0gil que requereix estar a tensions oculars mes baixes que els l\u00edmits normals.<\/span>\u00a0Sol tractar-se de pacients amb alteracions circulat\u00f2ries que provoquen que aquest nervi tingui un problema d’irrigaci\u00f3 i que, davant d’un m\u00ednim augment de la PIO o en PIOS normals, ja comen\u00e7a a fer-se mal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

“Els pacients afectats de glaucoma normotensiu presenten un nervi \u00f2ptic m\u00e9s fr\u00e0gil que requereix estar a tensions oculars mes baixes que els l\u00edmits normals”<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Dra.\u00a0Elena Mill\u00e1<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Glaucoma pigmentari<\/span><\/h5>\n

En els pacients afectes de\u00a0glaucoma pigmentari<\/strong>\u00a0ha un fregament cr\u00f2nic entre l’iris i el cristal\u00b7l\u00ed que produeix un alliberament del pigment de l’iris cap a l’interior de l’ull.<\/span>\u00a0Aquest pigment pot situar-se en els sistemes de drenatge de l’ull, podent arribar a obstruir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Glaucoma pseudoexfoliatiu<\/span><\/h5>\n

Els pacients amb\u00a0glaucoma pseudoexfoliatiu<\/strong>\u00a0presenten un tipus especial de\u00a0cataracta<\/strong>\u00a0que despr\u00e8n unes escates blanquinoses que, en situar-se en les estructures de drenatge de l’humor aqu\u00f3s, causen la seva obstrucci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Glaucomes secundaris<\/span><\/h5>\n

Hi pot haver un augment de la PIO associat a altres problemes intraoculars que, de manera secund\u00e0ria, ocasionen un problema de drenatge de l’humor aqu\u00f3s.<\/span>\u00a0Aquestes patologies poden ser: traumatismes que danyen la\u00a0malla trabecular<\/em><\/a>, \u00fas prolongat de corticoides que causa fibrosi trabecular, inflamacions intraoculars que danyen els sistemes de drenatge, hemorr\u00e0gies o tumors intraoculars que ocupen espai, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/p>\n

\u00bfQUIERE CONTACTAR CON LA DRA. ELENA MILLA?<\/span><\/h1>\n

PEDIR CITA<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

POST DEL DRA. ELENA MILLA Fa un temps, vam explicar\u00a0qu\u00e8 \u00e9s el\u00a0glaucoma,\u00a0com es produeix i quines s\u00f3n les fases\u00a0d’aquesta malaltia ocular.\u00a0Com vam dir llavors, en el\u00a0glaucoma,\u00a0l’augment de la pressi\u00f3 intraocular\u00a0danya progressivament el\u00a0nervi \u00f2ptic,\u00a0provocant una p\u00e8rdua de visi\u00f3 irreversible.\u00a0En el post d’avui explicarem els diferents\u00a0tipus de glaucoma,\u00a0les seves caracter\u00edstiques, s\u00edmptomes i la causa cada un d’ells.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":111,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[64,65],"class_list":["post-114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-ca","tag-cataracta","tag-dra-elena-milla"],"yoast_head":"\nTipus de glaucoma: caracter\u00edstiques, s\u00edmptomes i causes de cada un - Blog de oftalmolog\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.barnaclinic.com\/blog\/oftalmologia\/ca\/tipus-glaucoma-caracteristiques-simptomes-i-causes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tipus de glaucoma: caracter\u00edstiques, s\u00edmptomes i causes de cada un - Blog de oftalmolog\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"POST DEL DRA. 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